Nevertheless, as a way to system the crystal is very Superior production techniques are required. Since the dawn of this crystal, focusing on this problem, we at the moment are the one organization on the earth which can be processed On this crystal.

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According to the proof-of-basic principle experiment, the conversion effectiveness of 23% implied the potential of acquiring large-electrical power at the 2nd Stokes wavelength of the Raman laser. When the pump laser of 1078 nm may very well be acquired at the common power of fifty W, the output ability of its 2nd Stokes wavelength at 1512 nm may be over ten W. The design of the Raman laser cavity really should be optimized to be able to stay away from the problems from the M1 and diamond surface.

The common electricity on the NIR laser continue to has the likely for being improved to tens of watts which include 70 W [26] Should the double-go configuration might be utilized for that Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. As a result, If your conversion effectiveness of 31% from NIR to DUV may be still maintained at this higher electric power ailment, the common output power of your DUV laser at 258 nm may be much more than twenty W, which would be described as a extraordinary electricity amount for your DUV laser and produce the unanticipated DUV laser machining benefits. Moreover, for prime-energy DUV laser, the UV injury of the nonlinear crystal, such as the windows for CLBO crystal and also the mirrors, is another essential parameter for long-lasting and stable operation.

Then again, the beam high quality of this bigger electrical power DUV laser would become worse as a result of additional severe thermal and nonlinear outcomes. Therefore, the frequency conversion procedures needs to be cautiously designed to mitigate the aforementioned effects. Therefore, a large-energy DUV laser within the FHG of one μm with a very good beam high quality might be attained and will be beneficial for getting the shorter wavelength DUV lasers which include 193 nm by SFG.

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On the other facet, the facility scaling from the NIR laser is another aspect to increase the normal electricity with the 193-nm DUV laser. Due to insufficient the high-electric power amplification Remedy from the NIR laser (such as at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes for instance optical parameter oscillation (OPO) can be applied to produce a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the desired wavelength and also acquiring relative larger power [21]. Just lately, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its capability in accomplishing a significant power as well as a significant conversion efficiency with the 1st Stokes of your one-μm laser [22,23], which implies the possibility to be applied in the 193-nm DUV laser technology because of its high Raman attain and enormous frequency shift.

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The heartbeat period of the next Stokes light was shortened to 5 ns as revealed in Determine 7a, one-shot photo through the oscilloscope, that is a standard phenomenon in Raman laser [44] whilst the heart beat length on the pump laser was ten ns.

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Its UV absorption edge reaches a hundred and eighty nm. The powerful nonlinear optical coefficient of CLBO for frequency doubling at 1064nm is about twice as large as that of KDP. CLBO crystals is usually developed within the stoichiometric soften with lessen viscosity.

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